Semaglutide is a new generation GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) analogues. Semaglutide is a long-acting dosage form based on the basic structure of liraglutide, which is more effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Compared with lilarlutide, somalutide has a longer aliphobic chain and an increased hydrophobicity, but somalutide is modified with a short chain of PEG, and its hydrophilicity is greatly enhanced.
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Aliase |
GLP-1 |
CAS | 910463-68-2 |
MOLECULAR FORMULA | C187H291N45O59 |
MOLECULAR WEIGHT | 4113.57754 |
In 2012, a team of researchers at Novo Nordisk developed semaglutide for a once-weekly diabetes therapy as a longer-acting alternative to liraglutide. It was given the brand name Ozempic. Clinical trials started in January 2016 and ended in May 2017.
In March 2021, in a phase III randomized, double-blind, trial, 1,961 adults with a body mass index of 30 or greater were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to a treatment with once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide or placebo, plus lifestyle intervention. The trials occurred at 129 sites in 16 countries in Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. The mean percentage change in body weight at week 68 was −14.9% in the semaglutide group vs −2.4% with placebo, for an estimated treatment difference of −12.4 percentage points (95% CI, −13.4 to −11.5).
A 2022 review of anti-obesity treatments found that semaglutide as well as tirzepatide (which has an overlapping mechanism of action) were more promising than previous anti-obesity drugs, although less effective than bariatric surgery.
In March 2023, a Novo Nordisk official said that patients using semaglutide to lose weight can regain their original weight within 5 years of stopping treatment.